crystals

Aim: To learn about a saturated solution and how to make crystals

Crystal video

Definition of solution: 

A liquid mixture, when something is dissolved into a liquid (eg: sugar in water) 

Definition of saturated: 

Having or holding as much as can be absorbed of something (when no more sugar or borax can be dissolved into the water)

In groups of three you will make three different types of crystals and compare the results.

Borax Crystals

Borax Crystals time lapse video

Ratio; 3 Tablespoons Borax per 1/2 cup water

Materials

1)Cups

2)pipe cleaners

3)borax

4)peg

5)

Process

Step 1: 3 table spoons into cup

Step 2:pour 1/2 a cup of warm water

Step 3:start stiring until dissolved/will come back again

Step 4: make a star out of small pipe cleaners

Step 5:hang star on peg

Step 6:dip into solution with peg hanging in the inside not touching water

Sugar Crystals

Sugar crystals video

Ratio: 1 cup sugar to 1/2 cup water

Materials

1)sugar

2)cup

3)string

4)popsical stick

5)

Process

Step 1: 1 cup of sugar

Step 2: 1/2 a cup of warm water

Step 3: start stiring until dissolved

Step 4:tie your piece of string onto the popsical sick

Step 5: submerge it into the solution

Step 6:

Salt Crystals

Salt crystals time lapse video

Ratio: 4 Tablespoons salt to 1/2 cup water

Materials

1)salt

2)popsical stick

3)cup

4)string

5)

Process

Step 1:4 table spoons into cup

Step 2:pour 1/2 cup of warm water

Step 3:start stiring until dissolved

Step 4:tie string onto popsical stick

Step 5:submerge it into solution

Step 6:

Findings

Describe your crystals in the table below.

Crystal Type	Shape (Describe the shape)	Size (of individual crystals)	Hardness (Crumbly to Rock Hard)
Borax
Sugar
Salt

What crystals worked out best and why?:

Conclusion:

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After watching the videos as a class, explain how the following crystals are formed:

Type	Explanation
Salt	Water flows threw into little ponds. The water heats up and boils until it is nothing but gas.The gas rises up into the air since it had heated up and dried up in the pond.The salt is than left in the little pond hole.
Sugar	Sugar is made from a plant. The plant is called a sugar cane. Raw sugar is sucrose which is extracted from sugar cane or sugar beet. The sugar syrup is concentrated by boiling and than cooled and seeded with sugar crystal's causing the sugar to crystallize out.
Snowflakes	A snowflake begins to form when a extremely cold water droplet freezes onto a pollen or dust particale in the air/sky. This then creates an ice crystal. As the ice crystal falls to the ground water vapor freezes onto the primary crystal buiding new crystals - the six arms of the snowflake.

CRYSTAL TYPES

AIM: TO LOOK AT THE 7 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CRYSTALS

Salt Crystals

Sugar Crystals

Borax Crystals

7 different crystal shapes

The 7 types of crystals

Type	Number of sides	2 examples	Image
Triclinic	6	albite rhodnite
Monoclinic	10	gypsum mica
Orthombic	6	sulfar topaz
Triganol	10	albite rhonite
Hexagonal	8	beryl cinnabar
Cubic	6	galena fluorite
Tetragonal	12	chalcopyrite rutile